前言:
自定义多数据源通常用于满足项目中对不同数据库进行访问的需求,特别是在与第三方系统对接时,可能需要直接连接第三方的数据库以获取或更新数据,这个时候就需要使用多数据源进行走不同的数据库查询数据,可以使用如Baomidou的Dynamic DataSource 多数据源,使用注解@DB进行切数据库;当然也可以自己自定义一个多数据源。下面进行演示:使用springboot+myabtis-plus+HikariCP+mysql+mariadb
一:准备工作
- 1.mvn依赖
<!--web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--HikariCP 数据源-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
<artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mariadb-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
<artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis plus-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-annotation</artifactId>
</dependency>
- 2.配置文件
在application.yml或application.properties中配置数据源信息
spring:
datasource:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
#第一个数据源,连接mysql
first:
driverClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mysql-student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&autoReconnect=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
username: root
password: 123456
type: ${spring.datasource.type}
#第二个数据源,连接mariadb
second:
driverClassName: org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl: jdbc:mariadb://192.168.160.128:3307/mariadb-student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&autoReconnect=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
username: root
password: 123456
type: ${spring.datasource.type}
--- # mybatis-plus配置
mybatis-plus:
global-config:
dbConfig:
idType: ASSIGN_ID #id使用雪花算法
二:配置多数据源
- 配置mysql数据源
//数据源配置类
@Configuration
//指定Mapper接口的位置
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.study.mapper.first",
sqlSessionFactoryRef = "firstSqlSessionFactory")
public class FirstDataSourceConfiguration {
//分页插件
@Autowired
private MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor;
// 指定mapper xml文件路径
public static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath*:mapper/first/*Mapper.xml";
//全局自定义配置
@Bean(name = "globalConfig")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mybatis-plus")
public GlobalConfig globalConfig() {
return new GlobalConfig();
}
//mysql数据源信息:驱动类名、URL、用户名、密码
@Primary
@Bean("firstHikariConfig")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.first")
public HikariConfig firstHikariConfig() {
return new HikariConfig();
}
@Primary
@Bean("firstDataSource")
public HikariDataSource firstDataSource(@Qualifier("firstHikariConfig") HikariConfig hikariConfig) {
return new HikariDataSource(hikariConfig);
}
//配置事务管理器
@Bean(name = "firstTransactionManager")
@Primary
public PlatformTransactionManager firstTransactionManager(@Qualifier("firstDataSource") HikariDataSource hikariDataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(hikariDataSource);
}
//自定义SQLSession工厂
@Primary
@Bean(name = "firstSqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory firstSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("firstDataSource") HikariDataSource hikariDataSource,
@Qualifier("globalConfig") GlobalConfig globalConfig) throws Exception {
MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean();
sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(hikariDataSource);
sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_LOCATION));
sessionFactoryBean.setGlobalConfig(globalConfig);
sessionFactoryBean.setPlugins(mybatisPlusInterceptor);
MybatisConfiguration configuration = new MybatisConfiguration();
configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
// 配置打印sql语句
configuration.setLogImpl(StdOutImpl.class);
sessionFactoryBean.setConfiguration(configuration);
return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}
@Primary
@Bean(name = "firstSqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("firstSqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory firstSqlSessionFactory) throws Exception {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(firstSqlSessionFactory);
}
}
- 配置mariadb数据源
//数据源配置类
@Configuration
//指定Mapper接口的位置
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.study.mapper.second",
sqlSessionFactoryRef = "secondSqlSessionFactory")
public class SecondDataSourceConfiguration {
//分页插件
@Autowired
private MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor;
//指定mapper.xml文件路径
public static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath*:mapper/second/*Mapper.xml";
//mariadb数据源信息:驱动类名、URL、用户名、密码
@Bean("secondHikariConfig")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.second")
public HikariConfig secondHikariConfig() {
return new HikariConfig();
}
//HikariDataSource数据源
@Bean("secondDataSource")
public HikariDataSource secondDataSource(@Qualifier("secondHikariConfig") HikariConfig hikariConfig) {
return new HikariDataSource(hikariConfig);
}
//配置事务管理器
@Bean(name = "secondTransactionManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager secondTransactionManager(@Qualifier("secondDataSource") HikariDataSource hikariDataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(hikariDataSource);
}
//自定义SQLSession工厂
@Bean(name = "secondSqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory secondSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("secondDataSource") HikariDataSource hikariDataSource) throws Exception {
MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean();
sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(hikariDataSource);
sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_LOCATION));
sessionFactoryBean.setPlugins(mybatisPlusInterceptor);
MybatisConfiguration configuration = new MybatisConfiguration();
configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
// 配置打印sql语句
configuration.setLogImpl(StdOutImpl.class);
sessionFactoryBean.setConfiguration(configuration);
return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}
@Bean(name = "secondSqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("secondSqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
}
}
- 分页插件
@Configuration
public class MybatisPlusConfig {
//分页插件
@Bean
public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor() {
MybatisPlusInterceptor interceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor();
interceptor.addInnerInterceptor(new PaginationInnerInterceptor(DbType.POSTGRE_SQL));
return interceptor;
}
}
- 演示项目的结构
二:演示
- 1. 数据库
mysql服务:mysql-student库 ->student表。
mariadb服务:mariadb-student库 ->student表。
- 2.简单查询
演示需求:根据id查询数据
结果:
- mysql:
- mariadb
- 3.分页查询
- msql
- mariadb
注意:实际项目中需要根据具体需求进行调整和优化。特别是事务管理部分,需要确保每个数据源都有对应的事务管理器,并在Service层正确指定使用哪个事务管理器。此外,还可以使用一些开源的多数据源管理框架来简化配置和使用过程,如Baomidou的Dynamic DataSource等。这些框架通常提供了更灵活和强大的多数据源管理能力,可以根据项目需求进行选择和使用。